Foldable container in empty container repositioning in intermodal transportation network of Belt and Road Initiative: strengths and limitations

In 2013, the concept of the ‘Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road (Belt and Road)’ was initiated by the Chinese government, which involves Asian, European and African continents and their adjacent seas. Logistics plays a core role in such a large framework of economy and trade. In recent years, China, European Union, and Southeast Asia pay much attention to the design and development of the intermodal transportation network towards both economic and environmental efficiency. In this paper, we propose an empty container repositioning model in the intermodal transportation network of Belt and Road (B&R) Initiative by considering both standard and foldable containers. In this model, empty containers are repositioned from the inland of the original area, such as China, to other areas of B&R Initiative related countries and regions, such as European Union and Southeast Asia. We develop a mixed integer linear programming model to determine the optimal repositioning of empty containers via the intermodal transportation network. An Artificial Bee Colony algorithm is developed to solve large size problems in practice and numerical experiments are conducted to show the efficiency of our proposed algorithm. We provide managerial insights regarding the impact on the network performance of foldable containers transportation.     

考虑空车调配协调的货物列车开行方案优化研究

为实现空车调配与货物列车开行方案协调优化，结合基本运行图架构与车流径路，构建货运时空服务拓展网络。考虑配空与装卸取送、集编发等环节的时间接续要求，节点与区段不对流空车要求，以重车流全程运送与空车配送等广义总费用最少为目标，建立整数规划弧路模型。针对既有算法设计局限性，结合重车或空车配空的时间接续要求，提出将不同的 k 短路重车流方案与空车配空方案相关联的改进可行解构造方法，设计混合差分进化求解算法。实例研究表明，考虑空车调配进行重车、空车流组织协调优化，能够减少空车走行费用，及时满足装车需求，有效保证作业车流配合中转车流集结编组及时挂线，提高方案可实施性。     

基于时间约束的铁路空车调配系统可靠性分析

为弥补现有铁路空车调配系统缺乏空车调配可靠性研究的缺陷,在传统空车调配优化模型的基础上,本文提出了一种新的基于时间约束的空车调配可靠性分析方法。通过深入分析铁路空车调配过程,建立效益最大化目标函数,生成约束条件,以规定时间内的实际到达空车数与需求空车数之比计算出各需求站的空车调配可靠性,再利用各需求站可靠性均值求解空车调配系统的可靠性。最后,使用LINGO软件进行算例分析,论证了该方法的可行性和有效性。     

重载货车的发展对空重车调整装置的影响

分析了重载货车因空重比的改变而加装空重车调整装置,以降低空车制动缸压力的必要性,同时分析了低制动缸压力对制动效率、制动缸活塞行程等的影响,认为纯制动率是影响制动效率的主要因素。     

城市轨道交通隧道双护盾TBM过站施工技术

为解决双护盾TBM 在城市轨道交通隧道施工中频繁过站的问题，以青岛地铁2号线双护盾TBM施工为背景，根据TBM所经车站的具体情况，结合车站施工条件及TBM过站影响，研究并实施了空推和平移2种双护盾TBM过站方式，制订了合理可行的TBM过站方案和关键措施，解决了双护盾TBM 过站多次拆解、组装、调试以及对车站影响的技术难题，为青岛地铁1号线、4号线、8号线采用双护盾TBM施工提供了参考和借鉴。     

140 km/h大吨位集装箱平车的制动系统

介绍了最高运行速度可达140 km/h的"快速"大吨位集装箱平车制动试验的过程和结果,提出了改进这种远景平车制动系统的建议.     

关于空集装箱返还问题的讨论

经历了半个世纪的发展,集装箱运输已经成为当今交通运输现代化的重要形式。近年来,我国集装箱运输有了长足发展,相应的规范集装箱运输的多部法规也不断完善,但是仍然不能完全避免实践中产生纠纷。就集装箱运输中经常遇到的返还空集装箱的问题进行讨论。     

Modeling Feedback Scheme of Empty Cars in Unloading End of Heavy Haul Railway

The transportation organization of heavy haul railway is complex in China, especially, the feedback of empty cars. On the basis of reference to the existing research results, and deep analysis of the characteristics of empty cars distribution of heavy haul railway, the authors construct the feedback schematic model of empty cars in unloading end of heavy haul railway. The minimum quantity of the combined trains and the time for combination is taken as the model goal and solution algorithm on the basis of minimum cost and maximum flow is formulated. Daqin railway is taken as an example and relevant conclusions of feedback scheme of empty cars of heavy haul railway, through an analysis of calculation results, are drawn.     

大直径中空孔直眼掏槽微振动爆破参数研究

为最大限度减小掏槽区的爆破振动对地表建筑物的扰动,以青岛地铁3号线太延区间下穿伊美尔整形医院段为背景,通过理论分析和现场试验,对大直径中空孔直眼掏槽的中空孔孔径、掏槽装药炮孔数目、首响孔与中空孔距离、逐孔起爆时差和中空孔布设位置各爆破参数进行探讨。结果表明:在断面中下部位布置直径为120~150 mm的中空孔,环形布置4个掏槽眼,首响孔距中空孔200~350 mm,逐孔起爆时差宜在40 ms以上,可使掏槽爆破振速得到有效控制。